AMERICA ... OCCUPIED! 
 
                        (Continued) 
 
       (Copyright January 1991 by Donald L. Cline) 
                   All Rights Reserved. 
 
    Basically  translated from the Latin, "ex post  facto"  means 
"retroactive."   Therefore, Ohio is not a State --  period.   For 
other  aspects of this deception, and its effects upon  the  pre
sumed legitimacy of the government of the United States, consider 
the  fact that a U.S. President must be, according to Article  2, 
Section 1, Clause 4 of the Constitution, "a natural-born citizen" 
of  the United States, and Ohio -- not one of the several  States 
of the United States -- has been the birthplace of a whole  bunch 
of U.S. Presidents. 
 
    Moving right along:  The Federal Reserve Act, which unlawful
ly and unConstitutionally delegated the authority of the  govern
ment of the United States to Coin Money to a PRIVATE,  FEDERALLY-
CHARTERED CORPORATION (The Fed is NOT a government agency!),  was 
followed  in rapid succession by the Internal Revenue Act  (which 
was  struck  down  by the courts as  being  unConstitutional  and 
followed almost immediately by the 16th [Income Tax]  Amendment), 
and  then  by  the 17th Amendment, which  completely  turned  our 
system of government upside down. 
 
    Neither  of these Amendments were ratified, and neither  have 
any force or weight of law.  Let's take the 16th first:  A Monta
na man by the name of Red Beckman sponsored a former IRS agent by 
the  name of Bill Benson to research the legislative  records  of 
all  states which purportedly ratified the 16th Amendment.   Bill 
Benson  obtained  CERTIFIED COPIES of those  legislative  records 
(which are admissible as evidence in court) and published them in 
a  book  called "THE LAW THAT NEVER WAS."  Those  records  reveal 
conclusively that out of the 38 States listed on the Congression
al Records as having ratified the 16th Amendment, ONLY TWO  actu
ally  did  so:  the rest either RE-WROTE the amendment  in  their 
attempt to ratify (which means they did not ratify the  amendment 
proposed  by Congress) or, in at least one case (Kentucky)  voted 
to  DEFEAT the bill to ratify and then listed the bill as  having 
"carried"  in  the  legislative record on the same  page  as  the 
overwhelming vote to defeat! 
 
    Thusly,  the  16th Amendment was never  ratified.   Therefore 
Article I, Section 9, Clause 4 of the Constitution remains valid, 
with  full  force and weight of law:  "No  Capitation,  or  other 
direct,  tax shall be laid unless in proportion to the census  or 
enumeration herein before directed to be taken." 
 
    [Bill  Benson, by the way, is currently in prison on  trumped 
up tax evasion charges because of his part in the book, and until 
word got out and officials were deluged with letters from  patri
ots  around the country, was forced to undergo some kind of  drug 
program  that left him bedridden and on the verge of death.   The 
last  I heard now, he's sitting up in a wheelchair and  at  least 
able to take nourishment.  Public response DOES COUNT!] 
 
    The Income Tax, that tax we are illegally required to pay  in 
order to exercise our inherited and unalienable right to work  in 
an occupation of common right, does not lawfully exist.  It COULD 
not  lawfully exist in any event; the exercise of  inherited  and 
unalienable  rights  cannot  lawfully be taxed; to do  so  is  an 
infringement  of that right.  But we have to exercise  and  claim 
and defend and sometimes die to protect our rights, and we  have
n't  been  doing that nearly enough.  That's why  we  are  losing 
them. 
 
    Now  to the 17th Amendment:  The Constitution of  the  United 
States  conveys NO POWER to the government of the  United  States 
over  private citizens, unless those citizens are 1)  engaged  in 
interstate  commerce;  2) a member of the militia of one  of  the 
several  States which is actually engaged in the defense  of  the 
United  States; or 3) a public official (in which case he  is  no 
longer a 'private citizen'). 
 
    As aforesaid, the 17th Amendment, which turned our system  of 
government  completely upside down and made it possible to  bring 
the  full  weight and might of the U.S. government  down  on  any 
private  citizen who opposed it, was also not ratified.  Here  is 
how the deed was done: 
 
     Article  I  Section 1 of the Constitution  states  that  "All 
legislative  powers herein granted shall be vested in a  Congress 
of  the  United  States, ...", and then goes  on  to  DEFINE  the 
"Congress  of the United States" as "... a Senate and a House  of 
Representatives." 
 
    Article  I  Section 2 of the Constitution DEFINES  "House  of 
Representatives"  as being "... composed of members chosen  every 
second year by the people of the several States, ..." 
 
    Article  I Section 3 of the Constitution DEFINES  "Senate  of 
the  United States" as "... two Senators from each State,  chosen 
by the legislature thereof ..." 
 
    This arrangement WAS and IS of vital importance to our liber
ty.   It  results in a system of government in which  the  PEOPLE 
control  the  STATE  GOVERNMENTS, and the PEOPLE  and  the  STATE 
GOVERNMENTS,  as separate entities operating in concert,  control 
the  U.S.  government.  Power flows from  the  Sovereign  People, 
through  the  Constitution, and splits:  half goes to  the  State 
Governments; the other half goes direct to the Government of  the 
United  States.  When a majority of the Senate, representing  the 
State Governments, and a majority of the House, representing  the 
People, agree, then the re-combined power flows to the government 
of  the  U.S. to impose a new law and enforce it  --  IF  subject 
matter jurisdiction is delegated to the government of the U.S. by 
the Constitution in the first place. 

    This arrangement is SO vital to our liberty that Article V of 
the  Constitution  contains a near-complete  prohibition  against 
changing it:  Article V provides the methods by which the Consti
tution may lawfully be amended, and the last sentence of  Article 
V specifically states:  "... no State without its consent,  shall 
be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate." 
 
    The 17th Amendment, as proposed, and as purportedly ratified, 
turned  the  Senate into another House  of  Representatives.   It 
provided that Senators would be elected by the popular vote, thus 
depriving  the States, as the separate entities they legally  and 
constitutionally are, from their suffrage in the Senate. 
 
    Two States, Delaware and (I have the other State somewhere if 
you  want it) specifically and expressly denied their consent  to 
being  deprived of their suffrage in the Senate: they  voted  the 
Amendment down. 
 
    Eight  other  States passively and  silently  withheld  their 
consent  to  being deprived of their suffrage in  the  Senate  by 
taking no action at all on the proposed 17th Amendment. 
 
    Thus the 17th Amendment was NOT ratified.  Thus, by Constitu
tional  definition (Art. I, Sec. 3) we have no Senate.  Thus,  by 
Constitutional  definition (Art. I, Sec. 1) we have no  CONGRESS.  
What does this do to all the so-called 'laws' this august body of 
imposters has foisted upon the unsuspecting American people  over 
the  last nearly 80 years?  It appears to me that it  invalidates 
them. 
 
    Also,  appointments  to the Presidential Cabinet and  to  the 
Judicial Branch must be 'ratified' by the Senate.  What does  the 
non-existent  17th  Amendment do to all those  appointments?   It 
appears  to me they were invalidated because there was no  Senate 
to consider ratification, much less ratify. 
 
    In  short  form, what does this do to the  existence  of  any 
lawful  government  of  the United States at all  over  the  last 
nearly  80  years?  In my view, it invalidates  it  with  extreme 
prejudice. 
 
    Since  1913, the States, as separate entities with  sovereign 
rights of their own, and sovereign RESPONSIBILITIES of their  own 
(specifically  to  protect the rights of their  citizens  against 
oppression by the federal government), were out of the  equation.  
In  one fell swoop, America ceased being a lawful  Constitutional 
Republic unique in all the world, with a government deriving  its 
lawful  power from the Constitution and the Consent of  the  Gov
erned  (as conveyed by the Constitution), and became a  de  facto 
"federal  republic" -- the same kind of government  Britain  has, 
Australia has, and most other western nations have, which  derive 
their  authority  to govern from the vague and  nebulous  concept 
that  the  Elitists just automatically have a "divine  right"  to 
govern  because they are better than anyone else,  regardless  of 
who is elected. 

    The aforementioned abdication of power by the lawful  govern
ment  of the United States has had the direct result that  today, 
politicians and bureaucrats and judges alike are of the  opinion, 
expressed only privately amongst themselves, that "The  Constitu
tion is dissolved, and is dissolved perfectly." 
 
    Well, I'm sorry, it isn't.  Check that -- I'm NOT sorry,  but 
it isn't!  The Constitution is as powerful a document as it  ever 
was.  It is the GOVERNMENT of the United States that is dissolved 
and is dissolved perfectly, and by its own hand.  However,  until 
We, the People, start fulfilling our responsibility to defend the 
Constitution and the liberty it compels government to honor,  our 
liberty  will  continue  to be degraded and  our  situation  will 
continue to deteriorate. 
 
    Until We, the People, require government to obey the  Consti
tution,  We, the People will continue to have an OCCUPATION  GOV
ERNMENT -- one deriving no authority from the Constitution of the 
United States, and no authority from the Consent of the Governed, 
but  deriving  all its illegal POWER, without  lawful  authority, 
from the ACQUIESCENCE of We, the People. 
 
   The  overseas  "federal republic" is the  kind  of  government 
where the right to even exist as a citizen flows from the head of 
state down through the hierarchy, bypassing the State governments 
altogether, to the citizen.  The States exist merely as  catspaws 
of  the federal government, collecting taxes from the  citizenry, 
forwarding  ALL  that money to the federal government,  and  then 
going  hat  in hand to Parliament/Congress  seeking  handouts  to 
maintain their operating budget, and getting money not  according 
to need or established law, but according to political favors and 
political  blackballs and their compliance with  federal  "public 
policy." 
 
    Under a "federal republic," national security -- what GOVERN
MENT says is national security, and what the courts call 'compel
ling  need' -- is superior to the rights of anyone and  everyone.  
And  anything which threatens to reduce the horrendous  power  of 
U.S.  government officials, is, in their view, a threat  to  "na
tional security." 
 
   In the U.S. version of the "federal republic," the only  thing 
different is that a private organization, not established by  any 
law  and NOT EVEN ESTABLISHED AS A CORPORATION UNDER  CIVIL  LAW, 
collects taxes, enters the amounts into ledgers, turns the  money 
over  to another private organization, the Federal Reserve  Bank, 
to be shredded, and turns the figures entered in the ledger  over 
to the federal government.  The amount shredded is entered in the 
records as amounts repaid to the Fed; when government wants  more 
money  it  borrows  it from Fed-member banks  and  other  private 
credit-givers,  and  meanwhile the Fed prints money  in  whatever 
amount  the Federal Reserve Board thinks is necessary to  control 
the  economy.  The Fed then lends that money to its member  banks 
at  interest, who put it into circulation by lending it to  their 
customers  --  including the U.S. government and  also  including 
foreign  countries which haven't a hope in hell of ever  repaying 
it. 
 
    When  those  foreign countries default on  their  loans,  the 
banks let them get away with it indefinitely as long as they  pay 
at least the interest.  When they stop paying even the  interest, 
the  banks  lobby the federal government to give foreign  aid  to 
these countries so that they can repay their loans. 
 
    Thus, as usual, the American taxpayer foots the bill -- it is 
OUR SUBSTANCE that is being robbed from us by an illegal  organi
zation to give to our illegal government, so our illegal  govern
ment  can  illegally  give the money away  to  foreign  countries 
(nothing  in  the Constitution authorizes this), who  may,  some
times, maybe partially, give it back to those U.S. banks, who  in 
turn give it back to the privately-owned Federal Reserve Bank. 
 
    And meanwhile we are being oppressed by the horrendous weight 
of  not  only all this deficit, but also by the INTEREST  on  all 
this deficit, and the Fed has never printed the money with  which 
to  pay the interest!  If every single Federal Reserve Note  ever 
printed  was turned in to the Fed tomorrow to repay the  national 
debt, we would still owe many TRILLIONS OF DOLLARS in interest -- 
and  there is nothing left to pay it with but the collateral  our 
criminal 'government' has put up to secure the debt. 
 
    The  interest  on the national debt is equal  to  an  amount, 
today, greater than the sum total value of all real estate  under 
the  jurisdiction of the U.S. government, all  improvements  upon 
that  real estate, plus our best-prediction total gross  national 
product for the next 150 years. 
 
    Guess who owns the Fed?  Through a myriad of financial  hold
ing  companies, international banks, and other fronts, guess  who 
ultimately owns all the shares in the federally-chartered private 
corporation known as the "Federal Reserve Bank"? 
 
   Answer:  The five richest families of Europe.  The same  fami
lies,  several  generations later, as those  who  considered  the 
American  Revolutionaries  as conducting  "sheer  effrontery"  to 
their natural masters.  They didn't get mad; they got even. 
 
    But  I  digress.  Back to our muttons:   Immediately  on  the 
heels of the passage of the Federal Reserve Act in 1913 came  the 
beginning  of World War I: "The War To End All Wars."   WWI  cost 
the  Allies  337 trillion dollars, most of  which  was  borrowed.  
Three guesses from whom it was borrowed! 
 
    Two  years  after  the war ended in 1918,  an  economist  and 
British  Baron (what else?) by the name of John  Maynard  Keynes, 
who,  according to at least one source never even graduated  from 
college, wrote his epic monument to economic fraud.  In this book 
he wrote the following passage:

    "By  a continuing process of inflation, governments can  con
fiscate, secretly and unobserved, an important part of the wealth 
of their citizens.  There is no subtler, no surer means of  over
turning the existing basis of society than to debauch the curren
cy.  The process engages all the hidden forces of economic law on 
the  side of destruction, and does it in a manner which  not  one 
man  in  a million is able to diagnose." -- THE  ECONOMIC  CONSE
QUENCES OF THE PEACE, 1920, by John Maynard Keynes. 
 
    The  economic  theory  proposed by  this  sophomoric,  myopic 
neanderthal  grabbed the attention of the  international  elitist 
syndicate  of families, who immediately set  about  incorporating 
his theory into the economy of every nation in the world. 
 
    Only  there  was a hitch:  While the  international  elitists 
had, through the Federal Reserve Bank, finally managed to acquire 
a  modicum  of control over our nation's economy,  it  was  still 
limited  by  the fact that the paper money it printed had  to  be 
'backed'  by the face value amount in gold or silver  coin.   How 
could  it  establish  a "continuing process  of  inflation,"  and 
"confiscate,  secretly and unobserved, an important part  of  the 
wealth"  of  American citizens as long as American  currency  was 
backed by gold and silver coin? 
 
    From 1776 to 1913, for example, the total accumulated  infla
tion rate in America was less than one-tenth of one percent,  and 
America  was  the most prosperous and industrious nation  in  the 
world,  all because of the Constitutional requirement of a  mone
tary  system based upon precious metals of intrinsic  value.   We 
were  also politically the most independent nation of the  world, 
because  people  worked and had a right to the  fruits  of  their 
labors,  and because their money had intrinsic value, the  people 
had greater economic clout than government con artists and  song-
and-dance  men.  Government truly was by the Consent of the  Gov
erned,  and government was painfully aware that it depended  upon 
the good will of the working people of America for its  continued 
existence. 
 
    How  could  the international syndicate  of  monied  shysters 
separate  Americans from that unseemly authority over their  gov
ernment, gain control of the government themselves, and get  even 
for  the  stinging slap in the face this  unblushing  rabble  had 
administered to them in the American Revolution? 
 
    They  quickly thought of a way.  It would take a little  time 
for  their new toehold in America, the Federal Reserve  Bank,  to 
settle in and become part of the scenery, and meanwhile the  rest 
of  the world was suffering a debilitating and devastating  Great 
Depression  while  America seem to prosper, but  they  WOULD  get 
even, all right! 
 
    In 1929, the hammer fell and they slapped us down, HARD.  All 
they did was slow the printing presses; slow down the  production 
of new currency.  Money in circulation decreased; people began to 
feel  a  slowdown in the economy; they began digging  into  their 
cash reserves to keep going.  To keep their cash reserves solvent 
they  put onto the stock market some of their investments  previ
ously withheld, and others, eager to snap them up, depleted  cash 
reserves  further.   The buying frenzy of  these  newly-available 
stocks  sent  the market through the roof, and as  cash  reserves 
became  critical  and  people panicked and sold out,  it  took  a 
shrieking nosedive into the cellar. 
 
    This  was  the single, exclusive, one and only cause  of  the 
Crash of '29:  the foreign-owned Fed slowed the printing  presses 
down  to a near stop.  In one fell swoop the world monied  inter
ests had slapped us down hard for our stinging rebuke to them  in 
the American Revolution, imposed the same suffering on America as 
was being endured by the rest of the world, and set the stage for 
the  removal  of the monetary backing by gold  and  silver  coin.  
That,  they knew, would result in the easy acquisition  of  total 
political  control over the government of the United  States  and 
total economic control over the people of the United States. 
 
    Now  we were hurting.  Now America was no longer  prosperous.  
Within  3 years, one out of four American workers had lost  their 
jobs.  Many lost their homes due to their inability to pay  their 
mortgages.   Breadlines  were  long and somber.   Now  it  became 
difficult to make our repayments for the money borrowed to prose
cute  World  War I.  Now the gold going overseas  to  make  those 
payments, as well as the gold sent overseas to purchase  imports, 
when  other countries had no gold to buy our exports with, was  a 
significant  percentage  of the total gold coined by  the  United 
States, and we began to suffer from a bad case of "gold drain." 
 
    Along  came  Franklin Delano Roosevelt:  He  and  his  "brain 
trust" of close advisors decided the way to keep gold from  flow
ing out of the United States was to remove the gold backing  from 
our  currency.   How convenient that this was  exactly  what  the 
international banking cartel wanted!  Only problem is, the remov
al  of the gold backing ONLY applies to you and I!  If  you  read 
the Gold Reserve Act of 1934, you will find, in the second  para
graph, a clause EXEMPTING the currency of the United States  from 
having its backing removed. 
 
    All  that  happened, really, was that  now  government  could 
offer "foreign aid" to foreign countries instead of gold.   Mean
while,  no  private individual could go into a bank  or  Treasury 
office or Federal Reserve office, as previously, and redeem their 
paper money in gold. 
 
    The  Gold  Reserve Act of 1934 also  prohibited  the  private 
ownership of gold, thus completely depriving the people of  what
ever economic clout, based upon their gold wealth, they may  have 
had to stop government and "quasi"-government criminality. 
 
    The  World Book Encyclopedia, 1964:  "Many of his (John  May
nard Keynes) ideas were included in President Franklin D.  Roose
velt's New Deal program in the 1930's (see NEW DEAL)."

    Since those hurt most by the Crash and Great Depression  were 
the  little people who, unable to work due to age  or  infirmity, 
were  living on their investments, and since the Crash wiped  out 
their  investments, F.D.R. offered the people "Social  Security":  
"Here, sign your liberty and soul away on this application, get a 
government-issued  Social Security Number so that you too may  be 
listed  as a 'Government-owned Commercial Commodity Unit' in  the 
files of the Department of Commerce, and government will  provide 
for  your  retirement!"  Whoopee! everyone cheered.   (Well,  not 
everyone,  but  who  listens to someone who  knows  what  they're 
talking about when government is saying the opposite?) 
 
    When  the  Supreme Court began taking a dim view  of  playing 
fast  and  loose with the U.S. Constitution, F.D.R. flew  into  a 
rage  and  began trying to "pack" the  Supreme  Court.   Congress 
didn't  quite  go along with his demands, but he  was  successful 
enough that with attrition due to retirement and death in office, 
only  two  Justices of the Supreme Court were NOT  Roosevelt  ap
pointees as late as 1944. 
 
                        CONTINUED

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