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Progress Report on the Sweet Vacuum Triode
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February 23, 1992
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This file shared with KeelyNet courtesy of Guy Resh.
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Progress Report on the Sweet Vacuum Triode
T. E. Bearden
Updated Jan. 29, 1992
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Phase I Operation Completed
In 1991 we ended Phase I, and began the opening round of Phase II of
our decades-long operation. Phase I was to alert the free nations
to the dangers of Soviet scalar EM weapons, and the necessity of
countering them. That phase has been successfully completed. There
are now three other nations - not hostile to the U.S. - that have
developed and deployed scalar EM weaponry. The Soviets/KGB are
soundly checked by these three nations, with regards to scalar EM
weaponry.
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Phase II Operation Begun
The goal of the phase II operation is to get cheap, clean energy
from the vacuum, obtain antigravity, and develop scalar EM healing
of notorious diseases such as cancer, leukemia, AIDS, etc. In this
phase we are now publishing papers in the orthodox literature that
carry the message. Our target is the bright young graduate students
and postdoctoral candidates who are becoming increasingly curious in
this area. We will try to get as many of these interested as
possible. The idea is to have about 100 "seed cells", in major
universities, so that these young tigers do the necessary
phenomenology experiments and produce the necessary theory
extensions. If we can reach that number of seed cells, then those
young Turks will turn over the present physics. That Phase II
operation has begun.
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Two Fundamental Papers Published
For example, in mid-1991 we gave (in absentia) two fundamental
papers to a very large symposium (IECEC '91) in the Boston area.
The symposium was sponsored by IEEE, AIAA, and many of the other
leading technical societies of the U.S. The two papers are
published in the Proceedings by the American Nuclear Society.[1,2]
One of these papers [1] tells what is wrong with quantum mechanics,
Page 1
electromagnetics, and general relativity - that is, what actually
prevents their unification. It also tells what has to be done to
unify them. I emphasize that the thesis in this paper is testable
on the laboratory bench; it isn't just conjecture.
The second paper [2] is rather unique, to say the least. In it I
openly released the basic universal mechanism that is capable of
directly tapping the potential energy of the vacuum,
electromagnetically. That's a secret eventually worth billions of
dollars; I freely gave it to everyone. I discovered the theoretical
mechanism, so it was mine to give. The paper reported on Floyd
Sweet's (my colleague for several years) vacuum triode which
successfully taps the vacuum's virtual photon flux energy to produce
500 watts of time-reversed electrical power, with only 330
microwatts of normal power input. That device has been in existence
since 1987 or earlier.
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The Fundamental Mechanism Is Proven
There are several hundred papers in the nonlinear optics literature
that prove that the fundamental pumped phase conjugate mirror (PPCM)
mechanism works, in the macroscopic world. I seem to have been (in
1986/87) the first person to openly treat the nucleus of the atom as
a PPCM.
In a proprietary 1986 draft and later 1987 paper given to Sweet, I
produced the basic theory of how Sweet's vacuum triode device (which
then was producing 6 watts output) was tapping the vacuum energy.
To do so, I treated the Whittaker bidirectional EM wave components
of a scalar EM potential __ introduced onto the nucleus - as a set
of wave/antiwave pairs or pump waves.
This application simply uses the internal scalar potential's
internal structuring as clearly established by Whittaker in 1903.[3]
With the internal Whittaker wave/antiwave structure, one can
establish a self-oscillation (self-pumping) on the barium nucleus,
in and of the virtual photon flux (VPF) exchange between the nucleus
and its immediately surrounding vacuum.[4]
When that is successfully done, the material containing the barium
(in Sweet's case, barium ferrite magnets) is activated. That is,
VPF exchange energy is rhythmically flowing into the barium nucleus
and back out again in a 60 Hz wave __ as a wave of pure VPF stress
potential; a pure scalar EM wave, which is composed of (and can be
decomposed into) phase-locked AM oscillations of the set of
Whittaker biwaves composing the potential.
With this Whittaker decomposition, the self-oscillating barium
nucleus is then a self-pumped phase conjugate mirror. Note that
this "nucleus as a pumped phase conjugate mirror" approach is a
universal scheme for tapping the trapped energy in a massless scalar
EM potential in the vacuum, without depleting the potential.
The potential in the vacuum is a function of vacuum VPF activity;
the potential is continually replenished by the vacuum itself. The
EM energy trapped inside the potential can be tapped forever, if the
potential is not bled off by translating electrons (or other charged
particles).
Page 2
Then all that remains to be done to tap this vacuum-furnished
"pumping" energy, is to utilize standard 4-wave mixing theory from
nonlinear optics, and introduce a small signal wave input. By
standard textbook theory, up to all the energy in the pump waves
will then be emitted by the nucleus as a phase conjugate replica
(PCR) (time-reversed replica) of the signal wave input.
In other words, an amplified EM energy wave - in this case, 60 Hz -
will come from the self-pumped nuclei and will backtrack the path
taken by the signal wave, in accordance with the so-called
distortion correction theorem of orthodox nonlinear optics.[5]
In this fashion, the energy in a potential established in vacuum can
be directly tapped, taken from the VPF exchange with the nucleus,
and gated out of the atom and into the external circuit, to power an
external load.
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The Secret of Overunity EM Devices
THIS "NUCLEUS AS A PUMPED PHASE CONJUGATE MIRROR" MECHANISM IS THE
FUNDAMENTAL SECRET OF ALL LEGITIMATE OVER-UNITY DEVICES THAT TAP
VACUUM ENERGY.
The tapping device is not a closed system, but is open to the flow
of energy from the vacuum to the nuclei and back. All systems
everywhere are open to this in-and-out VPF flux exchange anyway.
Normally, however, the two VPF flows - in and out - are equal and
opposite, and so the energy exchange between vacuum and nucleus is
in equilibrium. In that case, none of the VPF exchange energy is
gated out to the external circuit.
In the "activated" case, however, the two VPF flows (between the
nucleus and the vacuum) are not equal, because part of the flow
energy that accumulates in the in-surge into the nucleus is gated
out of the atom and into the external circuit.
Hence the vacuum/nucleus flux exchange system is not locally in
equilibrium, because part of the in-flow is being gated by 4-wave
mixing accomplished in the PPCM barium nuclei, into forming an
organized PCR wave, which in turn goes on out of the atom instead of
back to the vacuum. Any local vacuum energy extracted is just
instantly replaced by the surrounding vacuum - just as a raging
ocean instantly refills the hole left in dipping out a spoonful
of water.
So in the self-oscillating PPCM nucleus, part of the vacuum influx
energy is gated into an organized phase conjugate replica (PCR)
wave, instead of simply being flux-exchanged back to the local
vacuum. This amplified PCR wave backtracks the path previously
taken by the input 60 Hz signal wave, and thus proceeds out of the
vacuum-pumped nuclei, through the atom's electron shells, into and
through the material lattice, and arrives in the outer circuit,
which is connected to the external electrical load.
The device thus powers the external load directly off the energy
organized and gated from the local vacua surrounding the excited,
activated, self-pumped barium nuclei.
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Floyd Sweet's Vacuum Triode
In his second vacuum triode, Sweet obtained 500 watts of negative
electrical power out (at 60 Hz and 120 volts), with an input (signal
wave, in nonlinear optical PPCM terminology) of only 330 microwatts
(10 volts, 33 x 10-6 amps) from a small 60 Hz oscillator. That's
about a 1,500,000 power gain. Not too bad at all.
Sweet later "close-looped" the device, tapping off a wee bit of the
output, and using it as the rigidly clamped positive-feedback input.
So his later devices put out 500 watts, directly from the vacuum,
without any external input at all.
Sweet has also built devices having 1,000 watt output and 5,000 watt
output. The devices also are solid state, with no moving parts.
A nominal Sweet device outputs 1,000 watts of time-reversed (PCR) EM
power at 60 Hz and 120 volts. It weighs 6 pounds, and can be rigged
to simultaneously produce antigravity, while it is producing its
negative power.
However, there are still some serious problems with stability, etc.
Also, there are serious legal problems, and in fact the entire thing
has been in litigation. It may be that nothing will ever be
possible with this device, because of the horrendous legal
entanglements. But the device is real, it works (albeit it is just
a laboratory demonstration device, and not at all a production-ready
model). It proves the principles, and the report is now in the
standard literature.
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World's First Antigravity Success
Also, to prove the scalar EM interpretation of gravity and
antigravity, at my urgent request in 1987, Sweet specially rigged
the device for antigravity production. In the cited paper we report
on the highly successful result.
The 6-lb. weight of the object was reduced in periodic stages by
90%, on a scale on the lab bench, in a totally controlled, smooth,
slow, sustained experiment without transients or sudden surges,
jerks, etc. At the same time, the device was steadily producing
negative electrical power.
In fact, the method of producing antigravity in a "rigged" unit is
simply to force it to process more negative power through the
nucleus. Gravitational energy is negative energy, and gravitational
power is negative power, as is well known.
It follows that to first order, antigravity can be regarded as
simply the outputting or ejecting of negative energy from the atomic
nucleus, through the electron shells and into an external load,
rather than return of the negative VPF energy back to the vacuum
from the nucleus.
The curve is reproduced in the paper, and printed in the
proceedings. I had qualitatively predicted the results, prior to
the experiment.
Page 4
What is not printed in the proceedings is that, with another more
powerful model, Sweet has actually fully levitated the entire 6-lb
unit, and "flown" it above the bench, via this approach to
antigravity.
So the scalar EM theory works. It's still tricky, and we're just at
the stage that normal EM went through with "cat fur, glass rods, and
pith balls." But slowly we're getting there. Still, we desperately
need to develop good instrumentation for detecting (1) the absolute
scalar potential, including its magnitude, and (2) the exact
Whittaker bidirectional EM wave harmonic structure of the scalar
potential. We know how to approach that problem, but it will be
quite expensive, and funding to do that has simply never been
available.
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"Energy" Is Presently Incorrectly Defined
To illustrate just how poorly some of the foundations of normal
science (including physics) are known, let me point out that the
present definition of energy is totally wrong. Now there's a real
attention grabber of a statement! Can I prove it? Let's see.
The present "definition" of energy in science is usually stated
something like this. "Energy is the capacity to do work." Well,
that statement happens to be totally, hopelessly false. It isn't
even correct logic. Here's why.
What is work? Ultimately, work is the scattering (disordering) of
energy. We can always resort to calorimetry, e.g., and determine
the warming of a solution (such as water) by a mechanically-powered
paddlewheel, to convert mechanical energy to heat energy, etc. But
in QM, all mechanical forces are generated by the exchange of
virtual photons, so even mechanical force is electromagnetic at
base. Hence mechanical force times distance is also EM-generated,
at its causative base. Eventually, mechanical and electromagnetic
work involves the scattering of EM energy.
So substituting for the term "work" in the accepted definition of
energy, the standard definition is really this: "Energy is the
(capacity to do) scattering of energy."[6] That's logically
contradictory. It says that energy is just its own scattering! And
that's nonsense.
Try it on the notion of a fishhook. I can truthfully state: "A
fishhook can be used to catch fish." That's perfectly okay.
However, we cannot accurately define a fishhook as "A fishhook IS
the capacity to catch fish." That's a non sequitur. We can say,
accurately, that "a fishhook HAS the (innate) capacity to catch
fish," and that is accurate. That's just a statement about
fishhooks, it is not a definition. But we cannot say that "a
fishhook IS the capacity to catch fish." Indeed, a fishhook IS a
bent piece of wire, where one end is usually curved with a barb on
the tip.
Similarly, we can say that "energy HAS the capacity to do work," and
that is logically accurate. In that form, it's just a statement of
one of the things that energy can be used to do. One can, by
scattering the energy, do work - since work is just the scattering
of energy in the first place. But one cannot say that "Energy IS
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the capacity to do work." A thing cannot be defined as just its own
scattering!
I find it remarkable - even astounding - that generations of
scientists and engineers have apparently failed to notice this
simple, elementary fact. Could it be that all the physicists and
engineers are presently wrong in their notion as to precisely what
energy IS? If so, then (one might say) what, pray tell, is it?
What is energy anyway?
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A Fundamental Redefinition of Energy
Here's the precise definition: ENERGY IS ANY ORDERING, EITHER
STATIC OR DYNAMIC, IN THE VIRTUAL PARTICLE FLUX OF VACUUM. Period.
Note that energy overall refers to the flux of any and all kinds of
virtual particles in the vacuum. It can be any kind of ordering
imposed in or on any or some or all of those particle fluxes.
But when you put an adjective modifier in front of the word
"energy", then you have selected a particular type of flux. In that
case you have to discriminate the type of quantum particle of the
field, comprising the flux that is being referred to. Like the
following:
Definition of Electromagnetic Energy
Electromagnetic energy is any ordering, either static or dynamic, in
the virtual photon flux of vacuum. In other words, for a field
energy, one selects only the type of particle in the VPF that is the
quantum particle of that field.
Let's continue: Nowhere in physics - in all of physics - does there
appear a legitimate definition of the electrostatic scalar
potential. The normal "definition" utilized or advanced is a
prescription for calculating its magnitude. I could not find a
single physicist or electrical engineer who could accurately define
it. So I went to QM and dug out what it is, myself. Let's
continue:
Definitions of Some Types of Potentials
A potential is any ordering, either static or dynamic or combination
thereof, in the virtual particle flux of vacuum.
Note that, according to this definition, a potential is pure energy,
a priori. But we must be careful. Because of the nature of the
virtual particle flux comprising it, the potential is a collection
of individual virtual energies - a collection of the individual
energies of a host of individually moving virtual particles. Each
particle is still almost totally separate from each other, most of
the time. In other words, as an informal analogy, potential is a
sort of mostly disintegrated energy, which only has just a touch of
integration, enough to allow it to be referred to as a single
"collection" or "ordering."
A scalar potential is any static (stationary) ordering in the
virtual particle flux of vacuum. A vector potential is any dynamic
(nonstationary) ordering in the virtual particle flux of vacuum. So
scalar potentials and vector potentials are simply different subsets
of the energy domain.
Page 6
An electrostatic scalar potential is any static (stationary)
ordering in the virtual photon flux of vacuum. And so on.
Now those are all precise definitions. To the best of my knowledge,
they have not previously appeared in physics.
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Internal Wave Structure of A Scalar Potential
However, with respect to the electrostatic scalar potential, one
still has a conceptual problem. Any photon in the vacuum must of
necessity be moving at an average velocity of c, it would seem. So
how does one have a "stationary" ordering of these extremely fast
photons? In other words, how do you catch and "hold stationary" a
particle that's moving at luminal velocity, and have it still
continuing to move that fast?
It's simply a special case of a kind of "standing wave" stationary
solution by another name. Indeed, Whittaker decomposes the scalar
potential into bidirectional pairs (in a harmonic series) of EM
waves.[7] In other words, a scalar electrostatic potential
internally consists of - and is composed of - paired EM waves,
passing through each other, in pairs in a harmonic set. Sort of
like a Fourier expansion set of harmonic waves, coupled with its
phase conjugate set that is present at the same time. Notice that
the harmonic wavepairs are phase-locked in frequency and time.
Hence this structure establishes an organized, standing, stationary
spatiotemporal lattice directly in the vacuum potential. It is
strongly pointed out that this represents a local organization and
structuring of spacetime itself.
Further, a given potential created by our circuits is a change in
the trapped local EM energy of the vacuum. It therefore represents
a local curvature of spacetime, and this local curvature is
Whittaker-structured.
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Gravitons, Photons, and Antiphotons
So we look at one pair of Whittaker waves, at its wave and antiwave
components. We point out that the antiwave is a true phase
conjugate (time-reversal) twin of the wave. In that wave/antiwave
pair, photons in the wave are moving forward (say, from left to
right) in one direction, and antiphotons in the antiwave are moving
back (say, from right to left). In other words, photons and
antiphotons are present and constantly meeting each other in each
wave/antiwave pair.
Further, the antiwave is precisely coupled to the wave by phase
conjugation. This requires that photons and antiphotons are also
continually and precisely coupling - which they can do and will do
if one is a precise phase conjugate of the other - and decoupling.
But when momentarily coupled, the photon/antiphoton pair have
helicity 2. In other words, at that moment the paired system
(couple) is stationary. As a crude visual model, each may be
visualized as "whirling around" (orbiting) the other momentarily, so
that each has tangential velocity c, but oppositely directed,
producing a spin-2 system that is momentarily "trapped" and not
Page 7
translating.[8] In this fashion a photon may be "spatially trapped"
in a graviton system, but the individual photon may still be moving
with tangential velocity c, even though the graviton system is
stationary.
Thus what we have in the Whittaker bidirectional wave structure of
the scalar EM potential is the continual formation and dissolution
of stationary spin-2 gravitons, with photons and antiphotons
continually entering and exiting each coupling position. The
gravitons resulting from the photon coupling/uncoupling are
statistical, for they are continually being created and destroyed.
Those statistical gravitons are what comprise the "electrostatic
scalar potential," and constitute the convolution of the locally
trapped photons. Consequently, the local EM energy trapped in the
scalar EM potential exists in that form.
Note that, because of the arrangement of the photon/antiphoton pairs
into a harmonic series, all the EM waves in the entire Whittaker set
are phase-locked, as are the gravitons. This means that the phase-
locked graviton sets represent an ordered spacetime graviton lattice
__ containing EM energy ordered both dynamically and statically in
frequency, energy, space, and time.
So, the scalar electrostatic potential is actually a hidden graviton
latticing organization of local spacetime itself.
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Photon Interaction And Newton's Third Law
It follows that, in photon interactions, normally we actually have a
bust-up of a graviton, so that we have two photon interactions,[9]
not one, as follows: (1) the freed forward-time photon interacts
with the shell electrons of the atom, which is the reaction
contained in the textbooks, and (2) the freed time-reversed
antiphoton interacts with the nucleus of the atom to produce
Newton's third law reaction force.[10]
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The Scalar Potential Is Gravitational
Now that we know that the scalar potential is comprised of
gravitons, we can understand why the potential is gravitational (as
is well-known in general relativity.)[11] We also realize something
even more important: We realize precisely how gravitational
potential is made and sustained electromagnetically. In other
words, we now understand electrogravitation. Note that, so far, we
have described a very "linear" condition in spacetime, where the
local spacetime from one point to its neighboring points does not
change in the photon coupling constituency of the graviton lattice.
Such a spacetime is locally flat.
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Curved and Flat Local Spacetimes
However, it follows that we also should be able to do some nonlinear
things to make the average photon/antiphoton coupling differ from
spin-2. In that case, we can have some multiple photon couplings
greater than helicity 2. We can also have the occasional failure of
photon and antiphoton to couple, so that the average coupling is
less than helicity 2.
Page 8
Because of the continual creation and annihilation of gravitons, in
describing "the" graviton we are speaking of the average photon
coupling over a finite time, where the average smooths and becomes a
constant value, and where by "photon" we refer to both photons and
antiphotons.
If so, we then have this characteristic: If the average photon
coupling in the vacuum EM potential is spin-2, then that's the
"linear" coupling case, and the local spacetime is flat (uncurved).
If the average coupling is less than spin-2, then the local
spacetime is curved in one direction. It is deficient in photons
for its preferred coupling, so it acts as a photon sink, or EM
energy sink. So to speak, such a potential/vacuum/spacetime has
"unfilled photon holes - sort of a slightly depleted "Dirac photon
sea." On the other hand, if the average coupling is greater than
spin-2, the local spacetime is curved in the opposite direction. It
has a surplus of photons, so it acts as a photon source - in other
words, as an EM energy source. In this case, it is a sort of
"excited Dirac photon sea."
Just as the spacetime/vacuum possesses a negative energy sea of
Dirac electrons, so it possesses a negative energy sea of photons.
When it's flat, all the negative energy "holes" are filled with
virtual photons. When it's curved in one direction, some of the
holes are empty, and the local spacetime will "absorb" some
available photons. When it's curved in the other direction, an
excess of virtual photons/antiphotons are crammed in there in excess
of the holes, so the spacetime will emit photons and serve as an
energy source.
Remember that spacetime/vacuum to first order is just scalar
potential. We can have a negative or a positive potential, as a
delta compared to the normal or ambient vacuum potential. And when
we speak of curved spacetime, we are just talking about a surplus or
shortage of trapped photon energy coupling density to comprise the
local vacuum/potential.
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Potential, Vacuum, Spacetime, and Energy
The four words, potential, vacuum, spacetime, and static energy turn
out to be essentially identities. Also, all of them have a dynamic
substructure. That is, a vacuum per se is structured/ordered, since
it is essentially a scalar potential. To first order, it is an
electrostatic scalar EM potential, in the manner shown by Whittaker
to have an internal bidirectional EM wave harmonic structure.
A spacetime is internally structured; this provides direct access to
"hyperspace" engineering, since the "internal" part of spacetime is
hyperspatial, mathematically. But with the Whittaker approach, it
is straightforward to directly engineer this internal hyperspace
aspect.
The ultimate engineering is hyperspatial engineering, vacuum
engineering, engineering of potentials, engineering of vacuum
engines, energizing the vacuum, energizing spacetime, structuring
the local curvature of spacetime, engineering the internal
electromagnetics, etc. All these things are identically the same
thing. They are all part of scalar electromagnetics.
Page 9
Interference of vacua/potentials generates what we call EM waves in
vacuum.[12] These waves may move either time-forward or time-
reversed (antiwaves). You can also engineer this direct scalar
interferometry to produce, stabilize, and control EM energy, in
static or dynamic form, as Whittaker showed in 1904, even at a
distance.[13]
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Overunity Condition: Tapping The Potential
So, as you might surmise, in scalar EM we can curve local spacetime,
and use it as either a source or a sink of EM energy. Once we pay
to move a set of charges so as to establish a particular excitation
and structure to the local or distant spacetime, so long as we do
not allow the depletion of the charges, they continue to "pump"
virtual photons (that is what electric charge is, according to QM)
and sustain that particular active/excited/ energetic
spacetime/vacuum/potential. If virtual EM photon energy is removed
from that excited/activated vacuum region, the surrounding activated
vacuum instantly replaces it, continually and forever.
Now we are free to build a device which (1) establishes the excited
vacuum/spacetime/potential in the first place, and (2) then taps off
the virtual photon energy of the excited vacuum potential itself,
without allowing depletion of the sustaining charged particles that
are fixed in position and creating/pumping the virtual photon flux
that creates the potential. We can tap the continual power of the
Whittaker EM biwaves flowing through the excited vacuum potential
forever, without exhausting it. I
t is simply comparable to putting a paddlewheel in a river, where in
this case the Whittaker bidirectional EM wave structure is the
river, and a special tapping device or process is the "paddlewheel."
We can extract all the energy we wish, forever, from the stream, and
the vacuum itself will continually and forever replenish the stream
as fast as we extract the power.
So we can build an over-unity machine, IF WE TAP THE LOCALLY ALTERED
VACUUM POTENTIAL'S HIDDEN WHITTAKER RIVER, rather than releasing the
sustaining electrical charges/VPF spray pumps we accumulated to
create that altered potential.
If you release the charges (the electrons, e.g.) as normal
electrical engineers are trained to do, the charges translate and
mechanically bang and clang their way through resistances, etc. on
the way to electrical ground, depleting the potential in the
process. This banging and clanging produces scattering of the
order/energy in the potential and hence does work. But that way you
only get one shot of it. It's a one-time thing, and then you've got
to pay to move in some more charges, build another potential, and
release the potential and the charges so the charges will go banging
and clanging through the circuit again, scattering energy (order)
and producing one-time work again.
That's a very poor way to do business. It's rather like having some
free, self-powered pumps, building a dam to hold some water
pressure, moving in some of the pumps and pumping up water behind
the dam to provide the pressure, then knocking down the dam and
releasing the pumps and the water simultaneously, so that the water
will rush out and push the pumps along to bump into things along the
Page 10
flow channel and do "banging and clanging" work. Yes, you can get
some work done by the pumps one time that way. But it's a "hell of
a way to run a railroad!" Yet all our present electrical engineers
and electrical scientists are trained to plan, develop, build, and
utilize just such crude EM systems!
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Nature's Engines: Charged Particles Are Pumps
Charged particles, in quantum mechanics, are engaged in a violent
virtual particle flux exchange with the vacuum. The violent virtual
photon exchange between vacuum and mass particle is what creates and
constitutes the electrical charge on that particle of mass. In
other words, the electrically charged particle is nature's little
"spray engine" or "spray pump," with respect to virtual photon flux
or spray.
The magnitude of the electrostatic scalar potential created by the
accumulated charges (spray pumps) represents the local magnitude
(flux/spray density) of that virtual photon "spray." It has nothing
to do with the mass of the charges, except that nature has built
those particular masses to be "little self-powered spray pumps."
When we "charge up" an accumulator, such as a steel sphere or a
capacitor, we push in the electrons so that they pack closer
together, and we thus increase the virtual photon spray density
because we've accumulated more sprayers in a confined volumetric
region. The volumetric spray density represents the magnitude of
the electrostatic scalar potential (ESP), in this analogy.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, Whittaker proved that this scalar
potential - this "spray density" - is internally organized into
hidden, flowing, bidirectional EM waves.[14] EM forcefield wave
Energy is flowing in both directions. In the electrostatic scalar
potential, the net Poynting vector resultant is zero, but it is a
"sum-zero system" composed of an infinite set of opposite but equal
finite Poynting vectors. That zero vector resultant is a scalar EM
potential. It's got lots and lots of EM energy flowing both in and
out simultaneously, but these flows are normally balanced and in
equilibrium.
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The Overunity Electrical Machine's Secret
However, if we could tap the EM energy in those hidden EM waves
flowing oppositively inside the ESP, we could extract EM energy from
the vacuum. We could "gate" some of the spray energy, that comes in
from the vacuum to the charged particle, into the external circuit
instead of back out to the vacuum. If so, we can use that
"extracted and externally gated EM energy" to power a load.
The "nucleus as a Whittaker-pumped phase conjugate mirror" mechanism
I found in 1986, furnished to Floyd Sweet in early 1987, and
released in 1991 allows precisely that tapping and gating
capability.
Page 11
Here's the magic secret of all electrical over-unity machines:
1) TAP THE VIRTUAL PHOTON SPRAY.
2) TAP THE ENERGY IN THE MASSLESS VACUUM POTENTIAL.
3) DO NOT RELEASE THE SPRAY PUMPS.
4) DO NOT ALLOW CURRENT FLOW IN THAT PART OF THE CIRCUIT WHERE
THE CHARGE PUMPS ARE COLLECTED TO CREATE THE POTENTIAL.
5) OR AT LEAST ALLOW ONLY THE ABSOLUTE MINIMUM OF FLOW/BLEED-OFF
THERE, OF THE PUMPS.
6) ORGANIZE, GATE, AND APPLY THE POTENTIAL SPRAY TO THE EXTERNAL
CIRCUIT, WHERE IT WILL ATTACH TO AVAILABLE ELECTRONS, FORMING
FORCE FIELDS, VOLTAGE, AND CURRENTS TO PUMP ELECTRONS AROUND
THE CIRCUIT.
7) USE THOSE EXTERNALLY POWERED FIELDS AND CURRENTS TO POWER THE
LOAD.
You can freely tap the potential's VPF "spray" forever, once one is
created in the vacuum. As fast as you scavenge out the power in the
spray, it is just renewed by the continued pumping of the charged
particle "spray pumps." Nature and nature's excited vacuum potential
"flux-spray" provide and replenish that pumping and that power, for
free, forever.
So the altered vacuum (potential) is a universal "virtual-photon-
flux fuel" if you construct your power units correctly. But you
must engineer things one step deeper than the present seriously
flawed electromagnetics prescribes.
Similar constructions give the secret of gravity and antigravity,
and how to engineer them as well. However, that is beyond the scope
of this paper.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
All Systems Are Open To Vacuum Flux Exchange
As we stated, our attention is no longer directed to scalar EM
weapons, but to the Phase II operation. That is progressing; there
are at present several legitimate devices or processes that produce
overunity. We reiterate that this is nothing mystical; none of
these systems or processes is a closed system, so closed-system
energy conservation need not apply locally.
Indeed, there is really no such thing in the universe as a truly
closed system, anywhere. Every system is open to the vacuum's
virtual particle flux, and is in fact already in a fantastic virtual
particle exchange with the vacuum. Normally, however, the influx
and the outflux are equal in absolute magnitude; hence the system is
in internal equilibrium vis-a-vis the vacuum.
However, if one breaks the equilibrium in this internal flux
exchange, and organizes and gates a portion of that influx on out of
the atom and into the external circuits, one can power an external
electromagnetic load directly from the extracted vacuum energy.
It is no more mysterious than placing a paddlewheel in a flowing
stream, to extract some useful energy as shaft horsepower. We just
have a more esoteric stream and a more esoteric paddlewheel.
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Page 12
In Conclusion
We also point out that there are no irrevocable "laws" of nature.
Every so-called "law of physics" is just a great and useful
generalization, based on certain fixed assumptions, that holds in a
broad area. If the assumptions are violated, however, the law need
no longer hold, and it can be violated.
Scientific proof is proof by the experimental method, not by the
authoritarian pronouncements of orthodox scientists. Unfortunately,
orthodoxy as yet knows nothing of the process we are advancing, or
of scalar electromagnetics. In the unorthodox experimental arena,
however, scalar EM is still a newborn infant in the womb, but it is
thriving and advancing. It is up to us to serve as midwives and get
the infant born.
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NOTES AND REFERENCES
1. T.E. Bearden and Walter Rosenthal, "On a testable unification of
electromagnetics, general relativity, and quantum mechanics,"
Proceedings of the 26th Intersociety Energy Conversion
Engineering Conference, August 4-9, 1991, Boston, Massachusetts.
2. Floyd Sweet and T.E. Bearden, "Utilizing scalar electromagnetics
to tap vacuum energy," Proceedings of the 26th Intersociety
Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC '91), August 4-
9, 1991, Boston, Massachusetts.
3. E.T. Whittaker, "On the partial differential equations of
mathematical physics," Mathematische Annalen, Vol. 57, 1903, p.
333-355. See also V.K. Ignatovich, "The remarkable
capabilities of recursive relations," American Journal of
Physics, 57(10), Oct. 1989, p. 873-878. See also Richard W.
Ziolkowski, "Localized transmission of wave energy," Proc. SPIE
Vol. 1061, Microwave and Particle Beam sources and Directed
Energy Concepts, Jan. 1989, p. 396-397.
4. This self-oscillation in barium compounds is well-known in
nonlinear optics, although it is usually experimentally
accomplished in the optical frequency regime. Sweet brilliantly
discovered how to initiate this self-oscillation or self-pumping
at ELF frequencies, such as 60 Hz.
5. For a statement of the distortion correction theorem, see Amnon
Yariv, Optical Electronics, Third Edition, Holt, Rinehart and
Winston, New York, 1985, p. 500-501. See also David M. Pepper,
"Nonlinear optical phase conjugation," Optical Engineering,
21(2), March/April 1982, p. 156-183 for a good overview of
optical phase conjugation.
6. Shortly below, energy will be defined as a certain kind of
order. So the present "definition" of energy actually is
stating that "order is the disordering of order." In that form,
the logical contradiction in the "definition" is immediately
apparent.
7. E.T. Whittaker, 1903, ibid.
Page 13
8. This is true because the wave and antiwave are interferring.
Such interference produces galloping waves, whose instantaneous
velocity varies from the speed of light.
The galloping wave slows to, say, 0.01 c, then rushes forward
again at 100 c, then slows, then speeds up, and so on. Its
average velocity is c. But its instantaneous velocity is
usually anything but c. See William G. Harter, John Evans,
Roberto Vega, and Sanford Wilson. "Galloping waves and their
relativistic properties." American Journal of Physics, 53(7),
July 1985, p. 671-679.
9. Occasionally yet another physicist discovers that photon
interaction is actually binary, and that we ignore or discard
half of almost all of our measurements. For example, see
Richard Kidd et al, "Evolution of the Modern Photon," American
Journal of Physics, 57(1), Jan. 1989, p. 27-35. See also R.
Chen, "Cancellation of Internal Forces," American Journal of
Physics, 49(4), Apr. 1981, p. 372.
10. Essentially this has been experimentally proven. E.g., when one
has a phase conjugate material, it may emit either photons (a
normal wave) or antiphotons (a time-reversed or phase-conjugate
wave).
Now, if I am right as to the genesis of Newtonian 3rd law
reaction force, then when the material emits a time-reversed
wave, or an antiphoton, the material should not recoil. Such
experiments have in fact been done in nonlinear optics
experiments, and "inexplicably" a phase conjugate mirror
material does not recoil when it emits an antiphoton or a phase
conjugate wave, seemingly violating Newton's third law! So it
seems I am correct after all.
11. In the modern GR view, all trapped energy is gravitational. It
is the trapped EM energy in mass, e.g., that is gravitational.
Mass is in fact a highly intense mass potential.
Since any scalar potential is also a form of trapped EM energy,
that energy - and hence the potential also - is gravitational in
nature.
12. E.T. Whittaker, "On an expression of the electromagnetic field
due to electrons by means of two scalar potential functions,"
Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, Series 2, Vol.
1, 1904, p. 367-372. Here Whittaker demonstrates that the
present forcefield electromagnetics can be replaced by scalar
potential interferometry. And I'm called a lunatic for speaking
of scalar interferometry!
Rigorously the scalar potential is composed of a dynamic,
opposing vector forcefield wave internal structure. Internally
it's vectorial; externally it's scalar. Whittaker 1903 tells
how to make standing scalar potentials; these can be made as
beams.
And one can then interfere the two scalar EM beams to produce EM
force fields directly in distant charged particle systems, by
Whittaker 1904.
Page 14
13. E.T. Whittaker, 1904, ibid.
14. Mathematically these hidden waves may be modeled as hyperspatial
waves.
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